Theraphosa stirmi

🔤 Taxonomy

Theraphosa stirmi is one of the Goliath birdeaters. Trade animals have often been confused with T. blondi, so use clear labels and avoid mixing species in breeding projects.

English common names used in the hobby:

• Burgundy Goliath birdeater
• Goliath birdeater

📌 Description

Theraphosa stirmi is a New World tarantula kept mainly as a display invertebrate. Adult size is usually 10-12 cm body, 25-28 cm legspan, and lifespan is females 12-20+ years; males shorter after maturity. It should not be handled routinely. Even species considered calm can bolt, fall, bite, or flick urticating hairs when stressed. The keeper’s job is to provide a secure enclosure, stable moisture gradient, safe fall height, and enough privacy for normal feeding and molting.

🌍 Distribution

Northern South American humid forest, especially the Guiana Shield region, where animals use deep burrows and damp retreats.

The enclosure should solve the same basic problems the spider solves in the wild: cover, warmth, water, and seasonal stability.

Distribution is a clue to habitat use, not a demand for unstable enclosure conditions. Focus on retreats, moisture choice, warmth, and reliable security.

⚖️ Legal status

As checked against current official sources in April 2026, Theraphosa stirmi is not currently listed in the CITES Appendices, and no species-specific EU wildlife-trade Annex listing was found. It is not relevant to the Bern Convention unless a country applies separate native-wildlife rules. Local rules on ownership, import, sale, transport, breeding, invasive-species control, dangerous-animal licensing, and proof of lawful origin may still apply; keep purchase and breeding records.

🧭 Life stage differences

Babies or slings should start in smaller secure enclosures such as small secure cup with slightly moist substrate, then deep juvenile boxes. Smaller starter housing makes feeding, molts, hydration, and waste easier to monitor. Adults need the full planned enclosure, stronger locks or lids, and more stable environmental zones. Do not buy a young animal unless the adult housing, food supply, and legal responsibilities are already realistic.

The large size changes routine care: use a deep, heavy enclosure that cannot be tipped, keep ventilation strong enough to prevent stagnant wet air, and never rely on handling as a way to move the spider. Use catch cups and barriers.

Adult enclosures should be low, stable, and escape-proof, with modest open height, reliable ventilation, and no heavy decor that could cause a fall injury.

For spiderlings and juveniles, stability matters more than display. Keep the container small enough to locate prey and check molts, but include cover and a moisture choice so the animal is not forced to sit in the open.

🤌 Husbandry

House one animal per enclosure. A practical adult enclosure is 45 x 30 x 30 cm minimum; 60 x 45 x 45 cm with deep substrate is better. Larger is useful when it creates more usable movement, better gradients, and safer maintenance. Use secure ventilation and stable furnishings. Keep simple notes on feeding, molts, weight changes, and behaviour, and quarantine new animals before adding them to the collection.

💡 Lighting

A clear 10-12 hour day-night cycle is useful. Ordinary room light is enough for tarantulas; UVB and bright basking lamps are unnecessary. Avoid visible night lights and any lamp that dries the enclosure or overheats retreats.

🌡 Heating and temperature

Aim for 24-27 °C, with stable warm room temperatures and no hot spotlight. Measure with digital probes and use an infrared thermometer for any warmed surfaces. Any supplemental heat should be controlled by a thermostat. Tarantulas are usually safer with warm room temperatures or gentle side heat rather than hot lamps or under-tank pads.

💧 Humidity and water

Humidity target: 75-85% with deep damp lower substrate, good ventilation, and a large water dish. Keep fresh water available in a stable dish sized for the animal. Keep moisture useful, not stagnant. Chronic dryness risks dehydration and bad molts; constantly wet substrate brings mold, mites, and poor air quality.

🌿 Enclosure and decoration

Provide a warm retreat, cooler retreat, water, safe texture for molting, and enough cover that the animal can move without feeling exposed. Juvenile setups should be simple enough to inspect but not bare. Adult enclosures must be built for strength, stable furniture, secure doors or lids, and safe cleaning access. Limit fall height for heavy terrestrial tarantulas. Use deep substrate, keep open space modest, and make sure lids, ventilation panels, and access points close securely.

🪳 Feeding

Feed large roaches, crickets, locusts, and occasional worms; vertebrate prey is unnecessary. Let body condition set the feeding pace; eager feeders can still be overfed. Spiderlings eat smaller meals more often; adults usually eat less often and should stay lean rather than swollen. Remove uneaten prey promptly, especially before a molt.

🥚 Breeding

Pairing is advanced because females are powerful and defensive. Mature males are at risk, and a successful sac produces many large spiderlings needing humid individual rearing. Breeding should use healthy mature animals with known identity and lawful origin. Keep dates, pairings, offspring numbers, and transfer records, and do not produce more young than can be housed and placed responsibly.

🩺 Common problems

Common problems include dehydration, bad molts, overheating, mites, fall injuries, refusal to feed with visible weight loss, and stress from exposure or poor security. Warning signs include a shriveled abdomen, leaking injury, failed molt, swollen joints, twisting posture, sudden lethargy, or repeated frantic escape attempts. Consult an exotic-animal veterinarian for severe weakness, injury, swelling, failed molt, or prolonged refusal to feed with decline in body condition.

📌 Conclusion

Theraphosa stirmi needs adult-sized planning from the start, not only interest in the juvenile stage. Secure housing, measured conditions, appropriate feeding, and basic records make long-term care predictable.

📚 Sources and further reading

• GBIF species backbone entry for taxonomy and distribution context
• CITES Appendices, checked April 2026
• EU wildlife-trade references, checked April 2026